A 5 by 5 matrix risk assessment is a practical tool used across industries to evaluate hazards and prioritise controls. Whether you work in construction, manufacturing, logistics or office environments, this type of safety risk matrix helps you make informed decisions to protect your workforce.
What Is a Risk Matrix?
If you’ve ever asked yourself what is a risk matrix, you’re not alone. A risk matrix is a visual representation of the likelihood and severity of potential risks. It allows safety teams to assign numerical values to hazards, helping to identify which issues require immediate attention.
In a 5 by 5 risk matrix, the two key dimensions are:
- Likelihood of a hazard occurring (rated from 1 to 5)
- Severity of the outcome if the hazard occurs (also rated from 1 to 5)
Multiplying these two scores gives a risk rating between 1 and 25. This structured method ensures a consistent approach to risk assessments.
5 by 5 Risk Matrix Example for Everyday Operations
Let’s break down a common 5 by 5 matrix risk assessment used in an office environment:
- Hazard: Wet floor near reception
- Likelihood: 4 (likely to occur)
- Severity: 2 (minor injury like a slip or bruise)
- Risk Score: 8 (moderate risk)
Using the matrix, this scenario is flagged as needing timely corrective action. Placing warning signs, drying the floor and conducting staff awareness training are simple yet effective control measures.
This kind of safety risk matrix helps businesses take proactive steps before incidents happen.
Example of a Risk Assessment in Construction
Here’s an example of a risk assessment in construction, where risks tend to be higher:
- Hazard: Working at height without guardrails
- Likelihood: 5 (very likely)
- Severity: 5 (fatal injury)
- Risk Score: 25 (maximum risk)
A score of 25 signals a critical hazard. According to the hazard risk assessment matrix, work must stop immediately until proper controls, such as scaffolding, harnesses and training, are in place.
This example shows how a 5 by 5 matrix supports quick, clear decision-making on site.
How to Use a Risk Matrix to Prioritise Controls
Understanding how to use a risk matrix is key to improving workplace safety. Once risks are scored, they are typically classified into levels:
- Low risk (1–6): Monitor and maintain control measures
- Moderate risk (7–12): Take action within a reasonable timeframe
- High risk (13–20): Implement controls urgently
- Critical risk (21–25): Stop work immediately and review safety procedures
Using a 5 by 5 matrix risk assessment consistently allows safety managers to focus resources on the most dangerous hazards first. It also simplifies communication with staff and contractors about the seriousness of various risks.
Need a Hazard Risk Assessment Matrix? Talk to a SafetyCloud Specialist Today
If your team needs help implementing a hazard risk assessment matrix tailored to your industry, SafetyCloud is here to support you. From basic risk evaluation templates to advanced digital tools, our training and solutions are designed to make compliance easier and safety more effective.
Speak to one of our experts today and start building a safer, more informed workplace.